MCCPTA Bylaws
Adopted September 23, 2002; Amended April 26,
2005
Article I:
Name
The name of this organization is the Montgomery County Council of
Parent Teacher Associations, Inc., (MCCPTA), a Council of the Maryland PTA, a
branch of the National PTA.
#Article II: Purposes
Section 1. The purposes of
MCCPTA, in common with those of the National PTA and the Maryland PTA, are:
a. To promote the welfare of children and youth in home, school,
community, and place of worship.
b. To raise the standards of home life.
c. To secure adequate laws for the care and protection of children
and youth.
d. To bring into closer relation the home and the school, that
parents and teachers may cooperate intelligently in the education of children
and youth.
e. To develop between educators and the general public such united
effort as will secure for all children and youth the highest advantages in
physical, mental, social and spiritual education.
Section 2. The purposes of
the National PTA, the Maryland PTA, and MCCPTA are promoted through an advocacy
and educational program directed toward parents, teachers, and the general
public; are developed through conferences, committees, projects, and programs;
and are governed and qualified by the basic policies set forth in Article III.
Section 3. The organization
is organized exclusively for the charitable, scientific, literary or
educational purposes within the meaning of Section 501(c)3 of the Internal
Revenue Code or corresponding Section of any future tax code (hereinafter
referred to as "Internal Revenue Code").
#Article III: Basic Policies
The following are basic policies are MCCPTA, in common with those
of the National PTA and the Maryland PTA:
a. The organization shall be noncommercial, nonsectarian, and
nonpartisan.
b. The organization or members in
their official capacities shall not endorse a commercial entity or
engage in activities not related to promoting the purposes of the organization.
c. The organization shall not - directly or indirectly -
participate or intervene (in any way, including the publishing or distributing
of statements) in any political campaign on behalf of, or in opposition to, any
candidate for public office; or devote more than an insubstantial part of its
activities to attempting to influence legislation by propaganda or otherwise.
d. The organization shall work with the schools and community to
provide quality education for all children and youth and shall seek to participate
in the decision-making process establishing school policy, recognizing that the
legal responsibility to make decisions has been delegated by the people to the
boards of education, state education authorities, and local education
authorities.
e. The organization shall not enter into membership with other
organizations except such international or national organizations as may be
approved by the National PTA Board of Directors. MCCPTA, or any of its divisions, may
cooperate with other organizations and agencies concerned with child welfare,
but a PTA/PTSA representative shall make
no commitments that bind the group he represents.
f. No part of the net earnings of this organization shall inure to
the benefit of, or be distributed to its members, directors, trustees,
officers, or other private individuals except that the organization shall be
authorized and empowered to pay reasonable compensation for services rendered
and to make payments and distributions in furtherance of the purposes set forth
in Article II hereof.
g. Notwithstanding any other provision of these articles, MCCPTA
shall not carry on any other activities not permitted to be carried on (i) by
an organization exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)3 of the
Internal Revenue Code, or (ii) by an organization, contributions to which are
deductible under Section 170(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code.
h. Upon the dissolution of this organization, after paying or
adequately providing for the debts and obligations of the organization, the
remaining assets shall be distributed to one or more nonprofit funds,
foundations, or organizations which have established their tax exempt status
under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code.
#Article IV: Relationship with National
PTA and
Section 1. MCCPTA shall be
organized and chartered under the authority of the Maryland PTA in the area in
which MCCPTA functions, in conformity with such rules and regulations, not in
conflict with the National PTA bylaws, as the Maryland PTA may in its bylaws
prescribe. The Maryland PTA shall issue
to MCCPTA an appropriate charter evidencing the due organization and good
standing of MCCPTA.
MCCPTA, as a council in good standing, is one that:
a. Adheres to the purposes and basic policies of the PTA;
b. Has bylaws approved according to the procedures of the state
PTA; and
c. Meets other criteria as may be prescribed by the Maryland PTA.
Section 2. The articles of
organization of MCCPTA include (a) the bylaws of such organization, and (b) its
certificate of incorporation or articles of such organization (in cases in
which the organization is a corporation) or the articles of association by
whatso-ever name (in cases in which the organization exists as an
unincorporated association).
Section 3. MCCPTA shall
adopt such bylaws for the government of the organization as may be approved by
the Maryland PTA. Such bylaws shall not
be in conflict with the National PTA bylaws or the bylaws of Maryland PTA.
Section 4. MCCPTA shall
include in its bylaws provisions corresponding to the Maryland PTA Bylaws as
are identified herein by a pound sign (#).
Article V:
The Purposes of MCCPTA
Section 1. The purposes
are:
a. To unify and strengthen local PTAs comprising the council.
b. To provide for the conference and cooperation of the local
PTAs/PTSAs in MCCPTA membership so as to create a public opinion favorable to
the interest of child welfare; to encourage child welfare projects in the
various local units; and to assist in the formation of new PTAs according to
the plan of the Maryland PTA.
c. To promote the interest of the National PTA and of the Maryland
PTA within its territory.
#d. MCCPTA shall not legislate for local PTAs
#Section 2. Each officer or
board member of MCCPTA shall be a member of a local PTA within its area.
#Section 3. Each officer or
board member of a local PTA shall be a member of such local PTA.
#Section 4. Only members of
local PTAs who have paid dues for the current membership year may participate
in the business of that association.
#Section 5. Bylaws of
MCCPTA shall include a provision establishing a quorum.
#Section 6. MCCPTA shall
keep such permanent books of account and records as shall be sufficient to
establish the items of gross income, receipts, and disbursements of this
organization, including, specifically, the number of its members and the dues
collected from its members. Such books
of account and records shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by
an authorized representative of the Maryland PTA.
#Section 7. The bylaws of
MCCPTA shall prohibit voting by proxy (unless proxy voting is specified by
applicable state law), mail, or otherwise.
#Section 8. A PTA member
shall not serve as a voting member of MCCPTA's board while serving as a paid
employee of or under contract to MCCPTA.
#Section 9. Only members of
MCCPTA who have paid dues for the current membership year may participate in
the business of MCCPTA.
#Section 10. The members of
the nominating committee for officers of MCCPTA shall be elected by membership,
Board of Directors/Managers, Executive Board, or Executive Committee.
#Section 11. The charter of
MCCPTA shall be subject to withdrawal and the status of such organization as
MCCPTA shall be subject to termination, in the manner and under the
circumstances provided in the bylaws of the Maryland PTA.
#Section 12. MCCPTA is
obligated, upon withdrawal of its charter by the Maryland PTA:
a. To yield up and surrender all of its books and records and all
of its assets and property to the Maryland PTA or to such agency as may be
designated by the Maryland PTA, or to another council organized under the
authority of the Maryland PTA;
b. To cease and desist from the further use of any name that
implies or connotes association with the National PTA or the Maryland PTA or
status as a constituent organization of the National PTA; and
c. To carry out promptly, under the supervision and direction of
the Maryland PTA, all proceedings necessary or desirable for the purpose of
dissolving MCCPTA.
Article VI: Membership and Dues
Section 1. Membership in
MCCPTA shall consist only of local units chartered by the Maryland PTA, as
authorized by the National PTA, in
Section 2. Membership in
MCCPTA shall be made available by MCCPTA without regard to race, color, creed,
or national origin, under such rules and regulations, not in conflict with the
provisions of the National PTA bylaws or the Maryland PTA bylaws, as may be
prescribed in the bylaws of MCCPTA, to any local PTA which subscribes to the
purposes and basic policies of the National PTA.
Section 3. MCCPTA shall
conduct an annual enrollment of members but may admit local PTAs to membership
at any time.
Section 4. The annual dues
for membership in MCCPTA for the following fiscal year shall be established by
MCCPTA at the annual meeting. Each local
PTA shall pay dues to MCCPTA based upon an established rate per member. Such dues shall be payable by November
1. Any dues owed for members who join a
local PTA after such dues are paid are payable before March 15.
Section 5. Each member of
MCCPTA shall pay annual dues to said organization as may be prescribed by
MCCPTA.
Article VII: Voting Body
Section 1. The voting body
of MCCPTA shall consist of the members of the executive board, the presidents
of member PTAs or their alternates, and accredited delegates or their
alternates as specified in Section 2 of this article.
Section 2. Each local PTA shall be entitled to be represented
at meetings of MCCPTA by its president or his/her alternate and by two
additional delegates or their alternates, selected by the local PTA according
to its own procedure. A member holding
more than one position (i.e., delegate and committee chair) may designate an
alternate for the purpose of voting to enable both positions served to make a
separate vote.
Section 3. The individual
representing each elected or appointed position associated with MCCPTA shall be
entitle to no more than one vote. Any member
may designate an alternate. Only those
present at the meeting at which a vote is taken, and representing a specific
position may vote.
Section 4. Prior written
notice of each meeting of MCCPTA need not be given if the meeting is regularly
scheduled. If the meeting is not
regularly scheduled, written notice must be provided to each person entitled to
vote at the meeting at least five (5) days prior to it, and provided further
that written notice to a local PTA shall constitute written notice to each
representative of that local PTA.
Article VIII: Officers and their Election
Section 1. The elected
officers of MCCPTA shall be a president, a vice president for educational
issues, a vice president for administration, a vice president for programs , a
vice president for legislation, a
recording secretary, a corresponding secretary, and a treasurer. These officers shall be elected by ballot at
the Annual Meeting. If there is only one
candidate for any office, upon adoption of a motion from the floor, the
election for that office (or offices) may be by voice vote.
Section 2. The president,
vice president for educational issues, vice president for administration, vice
president for programs, vice president for legislation, recording secretary,
corresponding secretary, and treasurer shall be elected annually for a term of
one (1) year. None of these officers,
except the treasurer may serve more than two successive terms. The treasurer may serve no more than five
successive terms.
Section 3. Officers shall
assume their official duties immediately following their installation, except
for the treasurer who takes office on July 1.
Section 4. Only members of
a local PTA in
Section 5. An officer who
has served one-half of a term shall be credited with having served a full term.
Section 6. Nomination of
Officers:
a, Nominations of all
officers shall be made by a nominating committee consisting of seven (7)
members of the voting body of the council, no two (2) of whom shall be from the same local PTA, and with at least
one (1) from each specific group of clusters in a designated area.
b. The Executive Board
shall select the seven (7) nominees for the nominating committee. The vice president for administration shall
submit in writing the names of the seven (7) nominees for the nominating
committee to the presidents and delegates of each member PTA by mail at least
fifteen (15) days prior to the delegate assembly at which the vote will
occur. At that delegate assembly,
additional nominations may be made from the floor provided the consent of the
candidate has been obtained before his/her name is placed in nomination.
c. This nominating committee
shall be elected by ballot at the second delegate assembly of the fiscal
year. It shall be the duty of the vice
president for administration to convene the first meeting of the nominating
committee for the purpose of selecting a committee chairman within two (2)
weeks of its election. The nominating
committee shall serve for a term of one (1) year. No member of the nominating committee may
serve two (2) consecutive terms.
d. The nominating committee
annually shall nominate one (1) candidate for the offices of president, vice
president for educational issues, vice president for administration, vice
president for programs, vice president for legislation, recording secretary,
corresponding secretary, and treasurer.
e. The nominating committee
shall send the list of nominees and their qualifications to the members of the
Executive Board and to the president and delegates of each member PTA at least
thirty (30) days before the annual meeting.
The consent of each candidate must be obtained before his/her name is
placed in nomination. Additional
nominations may be made from the floor, provided the consent of each candidate
has been obtained before his/her name is placed in nomination.
Section 7. Vacancies
a. The seated nominating committee will identify a nominee to fill
a vacancy in any office within two (2) weeks of notification of said
vacancy. Notification of the election to
fill the vacancy will be made by mail prior to the delegate assembly at which
the election will occur. Election by
MCCPTA will be held at the next delegate assembly following the notification.
b. If the office of
president becomes vacant, the vice president for educational issues shall
become acting president until a replacement has been elected by MCCPTA. A vacancy in any office other than president
may be filled by a temporary appointment made by the president and approved by
the Executive Board until such vacancy can be filled pursuant to the process
set forth in this Article.
Article IX: Duties of Officers
Section 1. President.
The president shall preside at all meetings of MCCPTA and its
Executive Board at which he/she may be present; shall appoint committee chairs,
with approval of the Executive Board; shall sign all orders on the treasury of
the council; shall help to extend PTA work into all parts of
Montgomery County, keeping it in harmony with the State plan; shall be a member
of the Maryland PTA Board of Directors and attend all its meetings as provided
in the Maryland PTA bylaws and working rules; shall represent MCCPTA in meeting
with Montgomery County and Montgomery County Public Schools officials; shall
coordinate the work of the officers and committees in order that the purposes
of MCCPTA may be promoted; and shall perform such other duties as he/she may be
assigned by the Executive Board.
Section 2. Vice Presidents.
a. The vice president for
educational issues shall preside in the absence of the president; shall serve
as an aide to the president in coordinating the work of the education and
policy related committees; shall notify chairmen of the committees of their
appointments; and shall perform such other duties as he/she may be assigned by
the Executive Board.
b. The vice president for
administration shall preside in the absence of the president and the vice
president for educational issues; shall serve as an aide to the president by
coordinating the work of the area vice presidents and cluster coordinators and
coordinating the work of the committees related to local unit effectiveness;
shall submit to the delegates for election a nominating committee slate and
shall convene the elected nominating committee; and shall perform such other
duties as he/she may be assigned by the Executive Board. It shall be the responsibility of the vice
president for administration to assure that each area/cluster nominating
committee is convened by February 1 and to reconvene a nominating committee to
fill a vacancy in office.
c. The vice president for programs shall preside in the absence of
the president, the vice president for educational issues, and the vice
president for administration; shall serve as an aide to the president in
planning MCCPTA meetings, workshops, special events; and shall perform such
other duties as he/she may be assigned by the Executive Board.
d. The vice president for legislation shall preside in the absence
of the president, the vice president for educational issues, the vice president
for administration and the vice president for programs; shall serve as an aide
to the president in supporting the legislative and advocacy work of the
council; and shall perform such other duties as he/she may be assigned by the
Executive Board.
Section 3. Secretaries.
a. The recording secretary
shall record and maintain the minutes of all meetings; and shall perform such
other duties as he/she may be assigned by the Executive Board.
b. The corresponding
secretary shall conduct the correspondence of MCCPTA as delegated to him/her;
act as recording secretary in the absence of the recording secretary; and shall
perform such other duties as he/she may be assigned by the Executive
Board.
Section 4. Treasurer.
The treasurer shall have custody of all funds of the council;
shall collect and keep a full and accurate accounting of all monies of MCCPTA
in accordance with Article XIV; shall pay out funds only as authorized by
MCCPTA; and shall prepare a budget for the next fiscal year in consultation
with the MCCPTA budget committee. The
treasurer's books and records shall be audited annually during the month of
July and at such other times as may be directed by the Executive Board or
MCCPTA. The audit shall be conducted by
an auditor or auditing committee as approved by the Executive Board. The treasurer shall prepare and submit an
annual financial report at the end of each fiscal year.
Section 5. Officers shall:
a. Perform the duties
prescribed in the parliamentary authority in addition to these bylaws and those
assigned from time to time.
b. Except for the
treasurer, deliver to their successors all official material within thirty (30)
days following the meeting at which their successors are elected or to the
president within thirty (30) days of the date of their resignation.
c. The treasurer shall deliver to his/her successor all official
material by July 1.
Article X:
Meetings
Section 1. MCCPTA shall
hold at least five (5) regular meetings
in each school year. MCCPTA meetings
shall be set by the Executive Board by September 1; held on the fourth Tuesday
of the month unless otherwise provided for by MCCPTA or the Executive
Board. Ten (10) days' notice shall be
given of any change in the date of a regular meeting.
Section 2. The regular
meeting held in April shall be known as the Annual Meeting and shall be for the
purpose of electing officers, receiving reports of officers and committees, and
for any other business that may arise.
Section 3. Special meetings
of MCCPTA may be called by the president, and shall be called upon request of a
majority of the members of the Executive Board or of a majority of the local
PTA/PTSAs in membership. At least five
(5) days' notice of such a special meeting shall be given.
Section 4. Meetings of
MCCPTA shall be open to the members of all PTAs/PTSAs holding membership in
MCCPTA, but the privilege of introducing motions and voting shall be limited to
the voting body as defined in Article VII, Section 1.
Section 5. A quorum for the
transaction of business in any meeting of MCCPTA shall consist of thirty-five
(35) of its members, representing at least fifteen (15) local PTAs.
Article XI: Executive Board
Section 1. The Executive
Board shall consist of all elected officers, all area vice presidents, cluster
coordinators, chairmen of committees, past presidents of the council, and
members of the boards of Directors of Maryland PTA and National PTA residing in
Montgomery County.
Section 2. The Executive
Board shall transact such business as may be referred to it by MCCPTA; shall
act in emergencies between meetings of MCCPTA; shall create committees; shall
approve committee chairs appointed by the president; shall approve an auditor
or auditing committee to audit the accounts of MCCPTA; shall approve the
actions of the treasurer in paying routine bills within budgetary limitations;
shall review a budget for the following fiscal year prior to the presentation
to MCCPTA for approval at the first
delegate assembly of the fiscal year; and shall ensure that the treasurer and
others handling funds on behalf of MCCPTA be bonded.
Section 3. Regular meetings
of the Executive Board shall be held each month except July unless the
Executive Board votes exceptions.
Special meetings of the Executive Board may be called by the president,
or shall be called upon the request of a majority of its members. At least five (5) days' notice of such a
special meeting shall be given.
Section 4. A quorum for the
transaction of business in any meeting of the Executive Board shall consist of
fifteen (15) of its members.
Section 5. Regular meetings
of the Executive Board shall be open to all member of local PTA/PTSAs.
Article XII. Cluster Coordinators & Area Vice
Presidents
and Their Elections
Section 1. Area vice
presidents and cluster coordinators shall be members in good standing of local
PTAs/PTSAs in that area or cluster holding MCCPTA membership at the time of
their election.
Section 2. Area vice
presidents.
a. An area shall consist of
specific groups of clusters designated by the Executive Board and approved by
MCCPTA. Each area shall have an area
vice president. The area vice president
shall serve for a term of one (1) year, and not more than four (4) consecutive
terms, until the election of their successors.
b. Area vice presidents
shall represent specific groups of clusters as designated by the Executive
Board and approved by MCCPTA. They shall
help to extend PTA work in all local PTA/PTSAs in the specific clusters which
they represent; shall assist in the training of PTA/PTSAs in their clusters;
shall assist in the organization of new PTA/PTSAs in their clusters; shall
coordinate the work of cluster coordinators; and shall perform such other
duties as he/she may be assigned by the Executive Board.
Section 3. Cluster
coordinators
a. A cluster shall consist
of a high school plus its feeder schools.
Each cluster shall have a cluster coordinator or cluster coordinators,
the total number not to exceed three (3).
The cluster coordinators shall serve for a term of one (1) year, and not
more than four (4) consecutive terms, until the election of their successors.
b. Cluster coordinators
shall conduct meetings of the cluster; shall serve as a link between the area
vice presidents and local units; shall represent the cluster at meetings of the
Executive Board, at meetings with the area vice president responsible for the cluster,
and at other meetings; coordinate the testimony of the cluster before the Board
of Education and the County Council; shall assist the area vice presidents in
the administration of PTA business, and shall perform such other duties as may
be required.
Section 4. Elections.
a. Each area representative
of the MCCPTA nominating committee shall be responsible for convening and
chairing an area nominating committee of six (6) PTA/PTSA presidents and/or
cluster coordinators from that area, ensuring representation from each cluster,
by February 1. The area nominating
committee shall submit to the MCCPTA nominating committee by March 15 the name
and qualifications of one (1) candidate for area vice president. The MCCPTA nominating committee shall accept the
recommendations of each area nominating committee and include such nominees in
their report. Additional nominations may
be made from the floor by any member of the MCCPTA voting body from the area
represented by the area vice president.
b. Each area representative of the MCCPTA nominating committee
shall be responsible for ensuring that each cluster holds a meeting at which
each PTA in the cluster is represented by its president, or his or her
alternates, for the purpose of nominating at least one (1) and no more than
three (3) cluster coordinators. A
current cluster coordinator will submit the name(s) to the MCCPTA nominating
committee by March 15. The MCCPTA
nominating committee shall accept the recommendations from the cluster meeting
and include such nominees in their report.
Additional nominations may be made from the floor by any member of the
MCCPTA voting body from that cluster.
c. At the Annual Meeting,
area vice presidents shall be elected by ballot separately by MCCPTA delegates
who are members of the local units within the area the area vice president
represents. If there is no disputed
election for area vice president, upon adoption of a motion from the floor, the
election for area vice president may be by voice vote.
d. At the Annual Meeting,
cluster coordinators shall be elected by ballot separately by MCCPTA delegates
who are members of the local units within the area the cluster coordinator
represents. If there is no disputed
election for cluster coordinator, upon adoption of a motion from the floor, the
election for cluster coordinator may be by voice vote.
Section 5. Vacancies.
a. A vacancy in any area
vice president position shall be filled by nomination from a committee
consisting of at least five (5) PTA/PTSA presidents and/or cluster coordinators
from that area at a meeting called by the vice president for
administration. The name or names shall
be submitted to the Executive Board for approval.
b. In case a vacancy occurs in the position of cluster
coordinator, a replacement shall be elected at a meeting, held after due notice
having been given, at which each PTA in the cluster is represented by its
president, or his or her alternate, called by the vice president for
administration.
Article XIII: Committees
Section 1. The Executive
Board may establish such committees as it may deem necessary to promote the
purposes of MCCPTA and to carry on the work of MCCPTA.
Section 2. The chairmen of
committees shall be appointed by the president with the approval of the
Executive Board.
Section 3. The term of
committee chairmen shall be the fiscal year or until the selection and
qualification of their successors.
Section 4. All work of the
committees shall be subject to the approval of the Executive Board.
Section 5. Special committees
may be appointed by the president when such committees are deemed necessary by
the Executive Board or by MCCPTA.
Section 6. Chairmen and
members of all committees must be members in good standing of local PTA/PTSAs
holding MCCPTA membership at the time of their appointment.
Section 7. The president
shall be a member ex officio of all committees except the nominating committee.
Article XIV: Financial Management
Section 1. The fiscal year
of MCCPTA shall begin on July 1 and end on the following June 30.
Section 2. MCCPTA shall set
the dues for the following fiscal year at the Annual Meeting. MCCPTA shall adopt a budget at the first
delegate assembly of the fiscal year.
The Executive Board may propose amendments to this budget at any regular
meeting of MCCPTA for adoption.
Section 3. The treasurer
and others handling MCCPTA funds shall be bonded. The amount of the bonds shall be established
by the Executive Board.
Section 4. All funds of
MCCPTA shall be deposited in accounts at financial institutions covered by FDIC
or NCVA insurance. At no time shall the
funds on deposit in any financial institution exceed the existing limit of said
insurance. Funds may be withdrawn from
these accounts over the signatures of any two of three MCCPTA officers so
appointed as authorized signatories on the deposit accounts of the
council. Appointments of authorized
signatories are made by resolution of the MCCPTA Executive Board and will
include the treasurer, president, and one other elected officer.
Article XV: Parliamentary Authority
The rules contained in the current edition of Robert's Rules of
Order Newly Revised shall govern MCCPTA in all cases in which they are
applicable and in which they are not in conflict with these bylaws, the
Maryland PTA Bylaws, and the National PTA Bylaws, or the articles of
incorporation.
Article XVI: Amendments
Section 1. Procedures for
amending these bylaws are as follows:
a. These bylaws may be
amended at any regular meeting of MCCPTA by a two-thirds vote of the members
present and voting, provided written notice of the proposed amend- ment shall
have been given to each local PTA and to each member of the Executive Board at
least thirty (30) days prior to the date of the meeting at which action is
taken, and provided the amendment is not in conflict with the required articles
prescribed in the bylaws of the Maryland PTA and the National PTA.
b. A committee may be
appointed to submit a revised set of bylaws as a substitute for the existing
bylaws only by a majority vote at a meeting of MCCPTA; or by a two-thirds vote
of the Executive Board. The procedure
for action of amendments in Section 1.a. should then be followed.
c. After approval by a
two-thirds vote at a meeting of MCCPTA, three copies of the revised bylaws
shall be sent for approval to the person or persons designated by the Maryland
PTA.
#Section 2. The adoption of
an amendment to any provision of the Bylaws of the Maryland PTA identified by a
pound sign (#) shall serve automatically and without the requirement of further
notice to MCCPTA to amend correspondingly the bylaws of MCCPTA.
These bylaws were approved unanimously by the voting body at the
MCCPTA Delegate Assembly on September 24, 2002.
Cassandra
Abdelmeguid, Recording Secretary Michelle Yu, President
Approved for Maryland
PTA by Sharon Weigh, Vice President for Councils, on September 24, 2002.